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Lemma 14.5.1BC4847C0CD7D

Lemma 14.5.1.BC4847C0CD7D Suppose $h=g+(u_{i\bar j})>0$, and put

\[ S=\operatorname {tr}_ gh,\qquad B=\operatorname {tr}_ hg, \qquad G=\log \frac{\det h}{\det g}. \]

There is $C_ g$ such that, at every point where $S\geq 1$,

CAD281B47B5A 14.5.2
\begin{equation} \Delta _ h\log S\geq \frac2{S^2}\operatorname {Re}\bigl (h^{k\bar q}\tau _ k S_{\bar q}\bigr ) +\frac{\Delta _ gG}{S}-C_ gB. \end{equation}

Proof. The identity $\mathrm{d}\omega _ u=\mathrm{d}\omega $ is equivalent to

96DF02AD3F7C 14.5.3
\begin{equation} \nabla _ i h_{k\bar j}-\nabla _ k h_{i\bar j} =T_{ik}^ p(g_{p\bar j}-h_{p\bar j}), \end{equation}

together with its complex conjugate; this can also be checked directly, since the third derivatives of $u$ cancel.

For tensors with two holomorphic and one antiholomorphic lower index, we use the norm

\[ \| A\| ^2=g^{i\bar\ell }h^{k\bar q}h^{p\bar j} A_{ik\bar j}\overline{A_{\ell q\bar p}}. \]

Set $A_{ik\bar j}=\nabla _ i h_{k\bar j}$ and $D_{ik\bar j}=T_{ik}^ p h_{p\bar j}$. We first claim

827F0F57BBAC 14.5.4
\begin{equation} \Delta _ hS=\| A+D\| ^2+\Delta _ gG+E, \qquad |E|\leq C_ g(1+S)B. \end{equation}

To prove this, start with $\Delta _ hS=h^{i\bar j}g^{k\bar\ell }\nabla _ i\nabla _{\bar j}h_{k\bar\ell }$. Switch $\bar j,\bar\ell $ by the conjugate of (14.5.3), commute $\nabla _ i,\nabla _{\bar\ell }$, and then switch $i,k$ by (14.5.3). The terms with a derivative of $h$ are

\[ h^{i\bar j}g^{k\bar\ell }\nabla _{\bar\ell }\nabla _ kh_{i\bar j} -2\operatorname {Re}\bigl (h^{i\bar j}g^{k\bar\ell } T_{ik}^ p\nabla _{\bar\ell }h_{p\bar j}\bigr ). \]

The first switch also produces the term $-h^{i\bar j}g^{k\bar\ell }\overline{T_{j\ell }^ q}\nabla _ i h_{k\bar q}$. Applying (14.5.3) to it gives one of the two conjugate derivative terms displayed above, together with

\[ h^{i\bar j}g^{k\bar\ell }T_{ik}^ p\overline{T_{j\ell }^ q} (h_{p\bar q}-g_{p\bar q}). \]

The part of this expression containing $h_{p\bar q}$ is $\| D\| ^2$. Differentiating the logarithmic determinant twice gives

\[ \Delta _ gG=h^{i\bar j}g^{k\bar\ell } \nabla _{\bar\ell }\nabla _ kh_{i\bar j}-\| A\| ^2. \]

By the antisymmetry of $T$, the two remaining derivative terms combine to $2\operatorname {Re}\langle A,D\rangle $, where $\langle \cdot ,\cdot \rangle $ is the inner product of the norm above. These identities give (14.5.4).

To bound the remainder $E$ explicitly, let

\[ \mathcal C_{i\bar\ell k\bar j} =(\nabla _ i\nabla _{\bar\ell }-\nabla _{\bar\ell }\nabla _ i)h_{k\bar j}. \]

The remainder is the contraction by $h^{i\bar j}g^{k\bar\ell }$ of

\[ \begin{split} & (\nabla _ i\overline{T_{j\ell }^ q})(g_{k\bar q}-h_{k\bar q}) +(\nabla _{\bar\ell }T_{ik}^ p)(g_{p\bar j}-h_{p\bar j})\\ & \hspace{15mm}+\mathcal C_{i\bar\ell k\bar j} -T_{ik}^ p\overline{T_{j\ell }^ q}g_{p\bar q}. \end{split} \]

The commutator $\mathcal C$ is the curvature of $\nabla $ acting linearly on $h$, as one sees by inserting $\nabla =\partial +\Gamma $ and canceling the derivatives of $h$. In a $g$-unitary frame diagonalizing $h$, every coefficient in this remainder is bounded by $C_ g(1+S)$, so the contraction is bounded by $C_ g(1+S)\sum _ i h^{i\bar i}=C_ g(1+S)B$, as asserted. In particular, no derivative of $h$ remains in $E$.

It remains to control the gradient term introduced by the logarithm. Define

\[ H_{ik\bar j}=h_{i\bar j}\frac{S_ k}{S},\qquad K=\| A+D-H\| ^2\geq 0. \]

By (14.5.3),

\[ g^{i\bar\ell }(A+D)_{ik\bar\ell }=S_ k+\tau _ k. \]

Moreover $\| H\| ^2=|\partial S|_ h^2/S$. Expanding the square therefore gives

\[ K=\| A+D\| ^2-\frac{|\partial S|_ h^2}{S} -\frac2S\operatorname {Re}(h^{k\bar q}\tau _ kS_{\bar q}). \]

Combining this with (14.5.4) and with $\Delta _ h\log S=\Delta _ hS/S-|\partial S|_ h^2/S^2$, we obtain the exact identity

\[ \Delta _ h\log S=\frac KS+ \frac2{S^2}\operatorname {Re}(h^{k\bar q}\tau _ kS_{\bar q}) +\frac{\Delta _ gG}{S}+\frac ES. \]

Since $K\geq 0$ and $S\geq 1$, and since $E/S\geq -2C_ gB$, enlarging the constant proves the lemma. $\square$

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